Assessing the effects of free trade-industrial zone on social justice in Chabahar city

Document Type : Research article - extracted from the dissertation

Authors

1 PhD Student In Geography and Urban Planning, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran.

Abstract

Free trade-industrial zones as a stimulus for economic development in many countries ultimately leads to the development and social welfare of the people of the region. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the effects of free trade-industrial zone on the social justice in Chabahar city. The present analytical research was an applied research in terms of purpose and it was a survey research in terms of the method. Data collection was done in two ways: library studies and field studies (questionnaire). The statistical population included residents of Chabahar (106739 people) from which 382 people were selected as the sample using the Cochran's formula. The questionnaires were distributed in the four districts of Chabahar city in terms of population ratio. Data were analyzed using (SPSS), (AMOS) and Combined Human Development Index (HDI). The results of the Spearman correlation test showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the free trade-industrial zone variable and the dimension social justice at 99% confidence level. The results of regression analysis showed that 95% of the changes in the dependent variable (social justice) is explained by the independent variable (free trade-industrial zone). Also, the results of the structural model of the research using AMOS software indicated that the relationships between social justice indicators are significant. Finally, the results of the Combined Human Development Index (HDI) showed that among the four districts of Chabahar city, the second district with a rate of (81.4) is in a semi-privileged condition; it is in a better condition than other districts.
 
Extended Abstract
Introduction
The creation of free trade zones, special economic zones and throughout the export processing zones is one of the goals of regional and national planning, in order to increase and develop exports, create employment, attract the domestic investment, transfer technology, increase public income, etc. The implementation of such programs and the creation of such areas always requires consequences in the economic, political, social and cultural dimensions. Free trade-industrial zones as a driver of economic development in many countries ultimately lead to the development and social welfare of the people of the region. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to measure the effects of the free trade-industrial zone on social justice in the Chabahar city.
Methodology
The present analytical research was an applied research in terms of purpose and it was a survey research in terms of the method. Data collection was done in two ways: library studies and field studies (questionnaire). The statistical population included residents of Chabahar (106739 people) from which 382 people were selected as the sample using the Cochran's formula. The questionnaires were distributed in the four districts of Chabahar city in terms of population ratio. The questionnaires were distributed in the four districts of Chabahar city in terms of population ratio. Data were analyzed using (SPSS), (AMOS) and Combined Human Development Index (HDI).
Results and discussion
The results of Spearman correlation test showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the free trade-industrial zone variable and the dimension social justice at 99% confidence level. The results of regression analysis showed that 95% of the changes in the dependent variable (social justice) are explained by the independent variable (free trade-industrial zone). Also, the results of the structural model of the research using AMOS software indicated that the relationships between social justice indicators are significant. Finally, the results of the Combined Human Development Index (HDI) showed that among the four districts of Chabahar city, the second district with a rate of (81.4) is in a semi-privileged condition; it is in a better condition than other districts.
Conclusion
Through generating income and increasing health facilities, increasing literacy and education, and creating suitable opportunities for employment and benefiting from housing facilities, Chabahar Free Trade-Industrial Zone has provided a relatively moderate gap between the rich and the poor.  But the social effects (such as justice) created in the port city of Chabahar, influenced by the free zone, have created different spatial effects in the city, which can be clearly seen in the city areas.
Funding
There is no funding support.
Authors’ Contribution
All of the authors approved the content of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work
Conflict of Interest
Authors declared no conflict of interest.
Acknowledgments
We are grateful to all the persons for scientific consulting in this paper.

Highlights

- Most of the changes in social justice in Chabahar city are explained by the commercial-industrial free zone.

- The commercial-industrial free zone has created different spatial effects in the areas of Chabahar city.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

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