Investigating the effect of environmental-behavioral factors on the development of rural tourism in the post-corona era Case: Mohammadabad rural district, Ali-Abadkatol County

Document Type : Research Article - Case Study

Authors

1 Professor, Department of Physical Geography, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Faculty of Geography and Environmental Planning, Zahedan, Iran.

2 MSc in Geography and Environmental Planning, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran.

3 Ph.D. in Geography and Rural Planning, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.

4 Master of Geography and Urban Planning, Islamic Azad University, Noor Branch, Noor, Iran.

Abstract

Today, tourism is one of the major sectors of the economy that has the ability to support the support of the local community in creating economic diversity with rapid growth; Today, due to the complexities of today's world, human life is constantly exposed to various crises such as natural crises, terrorism and disease. The spread of coronary heart disease (or Covid-19) has affected the tourism industry more than any other industry; The closure of foreign borders, restrictions on domestic travel, the cancellation of flights, and the closure of all accommodation and tourist destinations have all caused great damage to the tourism industry. Rural tourism is achieved by gaining memorable tourist experiences. Rural tourism has a positive effect on the cohesion of the local community and affects the interaction between the tourist and the host, and ultimately, leads to the intention of the tourist to travel again. In this type of tourism, various factors are effective. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of environmental-behavioral factors on the development of rural tourism in the post-corona period in the villages of Mohammadabad district. The present research is based on the applied purpose and descriptive-analytical research method. Data collection has been done in a documentary and field manner. The statistical population of the study included 17 mountain-mountainous villages of rural tourism destination in Mohammadabad area located in Fazelabad city of Aliabadektol city. The sampling was random sampling. Have been distributed. To determine the reliability of the research instrument, 75% was calculated using Cronbach's alpha value. Descriptive and inferential analysis of factor analysis and cluster analysis in SPSS software were used to analyze the collected information, and Amos software was used to model structural equation analysis. The results showed that in the studied rural areas, both behavioral and environmental factors have appropriate characteristics and will be effective on the realization of rural tourism. Of course, the impact of the environmental factor is positive. Another point that should be noted is that the impact of the behavioral factor is negative, ie by reducing the items of the behavioral factor, the amount of tourism in the study area increases and vice versa. Therefore, paying more attention to environmental factors (especially physical-infrastructural) and using people's participation in the realization of tourism in rural areas, using them for tourism planning can improve and develop tourism in the region.

Highlights

- The rural area of Mohammadabad is very important as one of the most important rural tourism areas in the country.

- The inadequacies in the spatial order of the rural settlements in the rural area of Mohammad Abad have created problems for the sustainability of the social and economic development of the rural areas.

Keywords

Main Subjects


Ali Akbari, E., Morsoosi, N., & Jalalabadi, L .(2019). Development of effective scenarios on the future of sustainable tourism in Kerman city with a future research approach. Journal of Tourism Management Studies, Volume 15, Number 50, pp. 35-60. [In Persian]
Abbasi, M.,& Makki, M (2009). The necessity of innovation in the implementation of knowledge management and information technology management programs in Iran. Parks and Growth Centers Magazine, No. 23, pp. 12-21. [In Persian]
Ali, F., Ryu, K., & Hussain, K. (2016). Influence of experiences on memories, satisfaction andbehavioral intentions: A study of creative tourism. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 33(1),85-100.
Asmelash, A. G., & Kumar, S. (2019). The structural relationship between tourist satisfaction andsustainable heritage tourism development in Tigrai. Ethiopia. Heliyon, 5(3),pp. 13-35.
Arthur J. Cropley.(2011). Definitions of Creativity, Encyclopedia of Creativity (Second Edition), Pages 358–368.
Chang, C.-L., McAleer, M., & Ramos, V. (2020). A charter forsustainable tourism after COVID-19: Multidisciplinary Digital PublishingInstitute.
 Chin, C; Lo, May-C; Songan, P & Nair, V, (2014), Rural Tourism Destination Competitiveness: A study on Annah Rais Longhouse Homestay, Sarawak, Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, No. 144, PP. 35 – 44.
Elkington, J. (1994). Towards the sustainable corporation: Win-win-win business strategies forsustainable development. California management review, 36(2), 90-100.
Ghaffari, Sidramine., & Azamian, Fariba. (2015). Prioritization of investment in tourism target villages of Isfahan province. Spatial research. First year, number A, pp: 34-47. [In Persian]
Howkins, John. (2001). The Creative Economy: How People make Money from Ideas. London:Penguin Press.
Hung, W. L., Lee, Y. J., & Huang, P. H. (2016). Creative experiences, memorability and revisitintention in creative tourism. Current Issues in Tourism, 19(8), 763-770.
Isa, S. M., Ariyanto, H. H., & Kiumarsi, S. (2020). The effect of place attachment on visitors’ revisitintentions: evidence from Batam. Tourism Geographies, 22(1), 51-82.
Karimzadeh, Hossein; Khaleghi, Agil & Naghizadeh, Rabab .(2019). Analysis of rural community's      nvironmental perception of the spread of the corona virus in the central part of Varzghan city. Space Economy and Rural Development Quarterly, 9th year, 3rd issue (33 consecutive), pp. 49-70. [In Persian] (
KEA. (2006). The economy of culture in Europe. Available at: http://www.keanet.eu/ecoculture/studynew .pdf (October 14th 2012).
Nikfal Moghanlou., Sasan& Mansoori ,Mohaddeh .(2019).The impact of the corona virus COVID-19 on the tourism industry. the 7th national conference of modern studies and research in the field of geography, architecture and urban planning of Iran, Tehran. [In Persian]
Osman, Z. & Sentosa, I. (2013). Mediating Effect of Customer Satisfaction on Service Quality and Customer Loyalty Relationship in Malaysian Rural.
Pine B., Joseph &  Gilmore H., James. (1999). The Experience Economy. Boston. Harvard Business
      School Press.
Rahmana, M; &  Bazargan, M .(2019).Modeling the pattern of spatial spread of the covid-19 virus in rural and urban areas of Iran. Space Economics and Rural Development Quarterly, 9th year, 3rd issue (33 consecutive), pp. 48 -25. [In Persian]
Rahimi, R, Ghanbari, Y., & Barqi, H .(2019). Effect of environmental-behavioral factors on the realization of creative tourism in the target villages of Isfahan Province. Tourism Planning and Development Quarterly of Mazandaran University, Volume 9, Number 1. pp. 1-18. [In Persian]
Rahimi, M., &  Pazand, F .(2014). Tourism model of urban life in Iran using analytical ierarchy model, Journal of Innovation and Creativity in Human Sciences, Volume 6, Number 3, pp. 97-124.) In Persian(
Rizvani, A .(2016). Geography and Tourism Industry, Payam Noor University Publications, fifth edition, Tehran. [In Persian]
Richards, G., &Wilson, J. (2015). Developing creativity in tourist experiences: A solutionto the serial      reproduction of culture?, Tourism Management, 27(6): 1209-1223,doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2005.06.002.
Richards , G.(2009). Creativity and tourism in the city, Current Issues in Tourism, pp: 1- 33.
Richards, g., & Marques, L .(2012). Exploring creative tourism. Introduction, Journal of  Tourism Consumption and practice, Volume 4, No.2, 1_11.
Russo, P. (2002). The vicious circle of tourism development in heritage cities. Annals of Tourism Research. Vol.: 29, No.: 1, pp.:165–182.
Sarmad, V; Bazargan Harandi, A., &  Hijazi, E (2007), Research Trends in Behavioral Sciences, Tehran: Neshar-Age. [In Persian]
Statistics and Information Unit of Aliabad Governorate, (2016). [In Persian]
Maryam, T; Zabeidi, T; Yazdan Panah, M.(2019).Analysis of preventive behaviors in dealing with the corona virus case: rural areas of Dashtestan. Space Economy and Rural Development Quarterly, 9th year, 3rd issue (33 consecutive), pp. 1-24. [In Persian]
Taseh, M; Khodabakhsh Aliai, M; Aghaei, V& Zamani, H .(2007). Investigation of ecotourism attractions using    cluster analysis model (case study: Chabahar city), Andisheh Geografi Quarterly, year 2, number 4, pp. 42-64. [In Persian].
UNEP. (2005). Making Tourism more Sustainable, A Guide for Policy Makers.
WHO.(2018). WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION.
World Tourism Organization. United nations(UNWTO)Reports.(2020). www.unwto.org.
Yousfi, R., Nabi Moradpour, Y., &  Alinia ,Y. (2014). Analysis of the role of the creative city in the development of urban tourism with a sustainable development approach. International Conference on Environmental Sciences, Engineering and Technologies, Tehran, Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran. [In Persian]